IEEE 802.11

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Generation IEEE
standard
Adopted Maximum
link rate
(Mbit/s)
Radio
frequency
(GHz)
Wi-Fi 8[1] 802.11bn 2028 100,000[2] 2.4, 5, 6, mmWave
Wi-Fi 7 802.11be 2024 1376–46,120 2.4, 5, 6
Wi-Fi 6E 802.11ax 2020 574–9608[3] 6[lower-alpha 1]
Wi-Fi 6 2019 2.4, 5
Wi-Fi 5 802.11ac 2014 433–6933 5[lower-alpha 2]
Wi-Fi 4 802.11n 2008 72–600 2.4, 5
(Wi-Fi 3)* 802.11g 2003 6–54 2.4
(Wi-Fi 2)* 802.11a 1999 5
(Wi-Fi 1)* 802.11b 1999 1–11 2.4
(Wi-Fi 0)* 802.11 1997 1–2 2.4
*Wi‑Fi 0, 1, 2, and 3 are named by retroactive inference.
They do not exist in the official nomenclature.[4][5][6]
Generational Wi-Fi UI visuals 202305.png

Protocol

802.11 network standards
Frequency
range,
or type
PHY Protocol Release
date [7]
Frequency Bandwidth Stream
data rate [8]
Allowable
MIMO streams
Modulation Approximate
range
Indoor Outdoor
(GHz) (MHz) (Mbit/s)
1÷7 GHz DSSS, FHSS 802.11-1997 June 1997 2.4 22 1, 2 N/A DSSS, FHSS 20 m (66 ft) 100 m (330 ft)
HR/DSSS 802.11b September 1999 2.4 22 1, 2, 5.5, 11 N/A CCK, DSSS 35 m (115 ft) 140 m (460 ft)
OFDM 802.11a September 1999 5 5, 10, 20 6, 9, 12, 18,
24, 36, 48, 54
(for 20 MHz
bandwidth,
divide by 2 and
4 for 10 and 5 MHz)
N/A OFDM 35 m (115 ft) 120 m (390 ft)
802.11h November 2003 4.9, 5.0 ? ?
802.11j November 2004 4.9, 5.0
[9]
? ?
802.11y November 2008 3.7 ? 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
802.11p July 2010 5.9 200 m 1,000 m (3,300 ft) [10]
802.11bd December 2022 5.9, 60 500 m 1,000 m (3,300 ft)
ERP-OFDM 802.11g June 2003 2.4 38 m (125 ft) 140 m (460 ft)
HT-OFDM [11] 802.11n
(Wi-Fi 4)
October 2009 2.4, 5 20 Up to 288.8 4 MIMO-OFDM
(64-QAM)
70 m (230 ft) 250 m (820 ft) [12]
40 Up to 600
VHT-OFDM [11] 802.11ac
(Wi-Fi 5)
December 2013 5 20 Up to 693 8 DL
MU-MIMO OFDM
(256-QAM)
35 m (115 ft) [13] ?
40 Up to 1600
80 Up to 3467
160 Up to 6933
HE-OFDMA 802.11ax
(Wi-Fi 6,
Wi-Fi 6E)
May 2021 2.4, 5, 6 20 Up to 1147 8 UL/DL
MU-MIMO OFDMA
(1024-QAM)
30 m (98 ft) 120 m (390 ft)
40 Up to 2294
80 Up to 4804
80+80 Up to 9608
EHT-OFDMA 802.11be
(Wi-Fi 7)
Dec 2024
(est.)
2.4, 5, 6 80 Up to 11.5 Gbit/s 16 UL/DL
MU-MIMO OFDMA
(4096-QAM)
30 m (98 ft) 120 m (390 ft)
160
(80+80)
Up to 23 Gbit/s
240
(160+80)
Up to 35 Gbit/s
320
(160+160)
Up to 46.1 Gbit/s
WUR 802.11ba October 2021 2.4, 5 4, 20 0.0625, 0.25
(62.5 kbit/s, 250 kbit/s)
N/A OOK (multi-carrier OOK) ? ?
mmWave
(WiGig)
DMG [14] 802.11ad December 2012 60 2160
(2.16 GHz)
Up to 8085 [15]
(8 Gbit/s)
N/A OFDM, single carrier,
low-power single carrier
3.3 m (11 ft) [16] ?
802.11aj April 2018 60 1080 [17] Up to 3754
(3.75 Gbit/s)
N/A single carrier,
low-power single carrier
? ?
CMMG 802.11aj April 2018 45 540,
1080
Up to 15015 [18]
(15 Gbit/s)
4 [19] OFDM, single carrier ? ?
EDMG [20] 802.11ay July 2021 60 Up to 8640 Up to 303336 [21]
(303 Gbit/s)
8 OFDM,
single carrier
10 m (33 ft) 100 m (328 ft)
Sub 1 GHz
(IoT)
TVHT [22] 802.11af February 2014 54–
790 MHz
6, 7, 8 Up to 568.9 [23] 4 MIMO-OFDM ? ?
S1G [22] 802.11ah May 2017 0.7, 0.8,
0.9
1–16 Up to 8.67 [24]
(@2 MHz)
4 ? ?
Light
(Li-Fi)
LC
(VLC/OWC)
802.11bb December 2023
(est.)
800–1000 nm 20 Up to 9.6 Gbit/s N/A O-OFDM ? ?
IR
(IrDA)
802.11-1997 June 1997 850–900 nm ? 1, 2 N/A PPM ? ?
802.11 Standard rollups
  802.11-2007
(802.11ma)
March 2007 2.4, 5 Up to 54 DSSS, OFDM
802.11-2012
(802.11mb)
March 2012 2.4, 5 Up to 150 DSSS, OFDM
802.11-2016
(802.11mc)
December 2016 2.4, 5, 60 Up to 866.7
or 6757
DSSS, OFDM
802.11-2020
(802.11md)
December 2020 2.4, 5, 60 Up to 866.7
or 6757
DSSS, OFDM
802.11me September 2024
(est.)
2.4, 5, 6, 60 Up to 9608
or 303336
DSSS, OFDM
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  8. "Wi-Fi CERTIFIED n: Longer-Range, Faster-Throughput, Multimedia-Grade Wi-Fi Networks". Wi-Fi Alliance. September 2009. http://www.wi-fi.org/register.php?file=wp_Wi-Fi_CERTIFIED_n_Industry.pdf.
  9. "The complete family of wireless LAN standards: 802.11 a, b, g, j, n". https://cdn.rohde-schwarz.com/pws/dl_downloads/dl_common_library/dl_news_from_rs/183/n183_lan.pdf.
  10. "The Physical Layer of the IEEE 802.11p WAVE Communication Standard: The Specifications and Challenges". 2014. http://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2014/WCECS2014_pp691-698.pdf.
  11. 11.0 11.1 "Wi-Fi Capacity Analysis for 802.11ac and 802.11n: Theory & Practice". https://www.ekahau.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Wi-Fi_Capacity_Analysis_WP.pdf.
  12. "802.11n Delivers Better Range". Wi-Fi Planet. 2007-05-31. http://www.wi-fiplanet.com/tutorials/article.php/3680781.
  13. "IEEE 802.11ac: What Does it Mean for Test?". LitePoint. October 2013. http://litepoint.com/whitepaper/80211ac_Whitepaper.pdf.
  14. "IEEE Standard for Information Technology". April 2018. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8345727.
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  18. "802.11aj Press Release". https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/18/11-18-0698-01-0000-802-11aj-press-release.docx.
  19. "An Overview of China Millimeter-Wave Multiple Gigabit Wireless Local Area Network System". IEICE Transactions on Communications E101.B (2): pp. 262–276. 2018. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/transcom/E101.B/2/E101.B_2017ISI0004/_pdf.
  20. "IEEE 802.11ay: 1st real standard for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) via mmWave – Technology Blog". https://techblog.comsoc.org/2018/06/15/ieee-802-11ay-1st-real-standard-for-broadband-wireless-access-bwa-via-mmwave/.
  21. "P802.11 Wireless LANs". IEEE. pp. 2,3. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/15/11-15-1074-00-00ay-11ay-functional-requirements.docx.
  22. 22.0 22.1 "802.11 Alternate PHYs A whitepaper by Ayman Mukaddam". https://www.cwnp.com/uploads/802-11alternatephyswhitepaper.pdf.
  23. "TGaf PHY proposal". IEEE P802.11. 2012-07-10. https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/12/11-12-0809-05-00af-tgaf-phy-proposal.docx.
  24. "IEEE 802.11ah: A Long Range 802.11 WLAN at Sub 1 GHz". Journal of ICT Standardization 1 (1): pp. 83–108. July 2013. http://riverpublishers.com/journal/journal_articles/RP_Journal_2245-800X_115.pdf.


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